Keane Grace Wallis-Bennett, 12, was getting changed when a wall in the PE block of Liberton High School in Edinburgh collapsed.
Paramedics who arrived at the scene attempted to revive her but she died from crush injuries.
Students at the school claimed today that they had warned staff that the wall had been moving for months.
In 2011, a student at the same school fell 15ft down a lift shaft, fracturing three vertebrae.
Parents of children at the school were told about the girl's death via text message, with many then quickly rushing to pick their children up.
Superintendent Matt Richards, with the Scottish Police said: 'A multi-agency enquiry into the full circumstances surrounding this tragic incident is underway and we are continuing to work alongside our various partner agencies during this investigation.'
The school had been closed for the rest of the day after the incident.
Students tweeted from their classrooms about the tragedy, with one saying: 'Should have tore down the old hall when they built the new one.'
Liberton High School seems to have been plagued by tragedy in the past months. Jamie Skinner, 13, who was a pupil at the school, died in December after collapsing during a football match.