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Cervical cancer - the facts

Cervical cancer is a very serious illness that affects approximately 2,700 women in the UK every year and it is the second most common cancer in women under the age of 35. But if it is diagnosed early enough it can be prevented from advancing or spreading to other parts of the body.

Here’s a little round up of what you should know about cervical cancer, so read up on the facts and pass the knowledge on to your family and friends – you could save a life.

The main cause for cervical cancer is infection with the Human Papilloma Virus, or HPV, which can cause the cells in your cervix to turn cancerous. The virus is mainly contracted through sexual contact and depending on the type you might not have any symptoms.

HPV is very common and at least half of people who have had sex will contract it. Some types of the infection clear without treatment but the longer the virus stays in the body, the more likely it is that it will lead to cervical cancer

Other factors that can increase your chances of developing the disease are smoking, poor hygiene, an unhealthy diet and taking the contraceptive pill. Symptoms that you should look out for are bleeding between periods, past the menopause or during and after sexual intercourse. Discomfort or pain during sex can also be a sign of cervical cancer.

The good news is that if detected early enough, cervical cancer is completely curable. That is why it is so important to have regular screenings and women aged between 25 and 60 should have a smear test every three to five years.  The test can pick up pre-cancerous cells - even if there are no other symptoms - that can be removed with minor surgery.

You can have a smear test at your GP’s surgery or go to a Family Planning or GUM clinic. Voluntary organisations like Marie Stopes also offer cervical screenings.  There has been much talk about the new HPV jab and the English government is planning to offer the vaccine to all girls aged 12-13 from September 2008.

The jab protects from the two most dangerous types of Human Papilloma Virus and can reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer by 70%.  However, because it can’t stop other HPV strains cervical screenings will still be necessary.

For more information on cervical cancer and related issues speak to your GP or visit www.cancerresearchuk.org. To find out more about the HPV vaccine please visit www.immunisation.nhs.uk/vaccines.